First and foremost, ensuring effective electric leakage protection for electric welding machines is paramount. These machines must be operated in dry, insulated, and sun-protected environments to prevent any potential electric leakage incidents. It's essential to safeguard against rainwater ingress, which could lead to electric leakage issues during welding operations.
Additionally, stringent fire prevention and explosion-proof safety measures should be implemented at welding sites. Within a 10-meter radius of the welding operation site, it's imperative to prohibit the stacking of flammable and explosive materials such as oil, wood, oxygen cylinders, and acetylene generators. Furthermore, having readily accessible sand, fire extinguishers, and other firefighting equipment nearby is crucial to mitigate any fire hazards.
Understanding the underlying principles of welding machines is vital for safe and efficient operation. These machines utilize the high-temperature arc generated when positive and negative poles momentarily short-circuit to melt the solder on the electrode and the materials being welded, facilitating their fusion. Essentially, electric welding machines function as high-power transformers that convert 220/380V AC power into a low-voltage, high-current power supply, which can be either DC or AC.
Welding transformers possess unique characteristics, notably a sharp voltage drop once the electrode ignites. Adjusting the working voltage of the welding machine involves more than just the initial voltage conversion from 220/380V. The secondary coil features tap change voltage capabilities, supplemented by adjustments to the iron core. Generally, adjustable iron core electric welding machines are high-power transformers manufactured using inductance principles. The induction process induces significant voltage changes upon switching on and off, facilitating the generation of high-voltage arcs for solder melting purposes.